

SODIUM INTAKE & XYWAV
XYWAV—the first and
only
low-sodium* oxybate
for cataplexy
and/or EDS in narcolepsy1,2
*XYWAV contains 131 mg of sodium at the maximum
recommended 9-g nightly dose.1
For patients taking the maximum recommended dose of a high-sodium oxybate,† a significant proportion of the recommended 2300 mg/day maximum daily sodium intake is accounted for by their medication1,3-5
APPROXIMATE SODIUM
CONTENT AT THE MAXIMUM
RECOMMENDED
9-G NIGHTLY DOSE
| High-sodium oxybates† | XYWAV | |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium content | 1640 mg | 131 mg |
| % of recommended maximum daily sodium intake‡ | 71% | 6% |
†XYREM® (sodium oxybate) oral solution and LUMRYZ™ (sodium oxybate) for extended-release oral suspension are high-sodium oxybates.4,5
‡US Department of Health and Human Services and US Department of Agriculture (HHS/USDA) recommend an upper sodium-intake limit of 2300 mg/day.3
The American College of Cardiology/
(ACC/
daily sodium intake limit for most adults6
By choosing low-sodium
XYWAV over high-sodium oxybates, you can reduce your patients' sodium intake by up to 1509 mg/day1,4,5§
The difference in sodium content between a 9-g dose of high-sodium oxybates and XYWAV is nearly the sodium equivalent of 4 orders of large fries1,4-6§‖
§XYWAV has 131 mg of sodium per maximum recommended 9-g nightly dose, while the equivalent dose of high-sodium oxybates, XYREM and LUMRYZ, contain ~1640 mg of sodium.1,4,5
‖Based on an average of 380 mg of sodium in 1 large serving of french fries according to a 2012 USDA analysis of 3 fast-food chains.7
¶The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines recommends <1500 mg as the ideal daily sodium intake limit.6
Significantly reduce your patients' chronic excessive sodium burden by choosing low-sodium XYWAV over a high-sodium oxybate1,4,5§
Because of its lower sodium, the FDA has determined that XYWAV is clinically superior to XYREM by means of greater CV safety in narcolepsy.8#
According to the FDA's findings of clinical superiority, the reduction in sodium content between XYWAV and XYREM at
recommended doses will be clinically meaningful in reducing CV morbidity in a substantial proportion of patients for whom the drug is indicated.8#
#The decision of the FDA Office of Orphan Products Development (OOPD) is based on findings that XYWAV provides a greatly reduced chronic sodium burden compared to XYREM. There are no head-to-head data for XYWAV and XYREM.8
Choosing XYWAV over high-sodium oxybates is a safer option for your patients because it will reduce cardiovascular morbidity due to the reduction in chronic sodium burden.1,4,5,8
A clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of XYWAV and LUMRYZ has not been conducted.
PHASE 4 XYLO STUDY
A multicenter, single-arm, open-label study evaluated changes in blood pressure after switching from twice-nightly high-sodium oxybate to XYWAV9
Enrollment criteria
- Aged 18 to 70 years of age
- Documented diagnosis of NT1 or NT2
- Had taken twice-nightly high-sodium oxybate at doses
of 6 to 9 g/night for at least 6 weeks before screening
- Office SBP values between 130 and 155 mmHg and a DBP ≤95 mmHg
- Allowed to continue nonoxybate narcolepsy therapies if the therapy and doses were stable for ≥2 months before study entry†
*Ambulatory BP monitoring recordings were conducted at baseline and at the end of study period (6 weeks); 24-hour urine collection was obtained for all participants at baseline, during administration of high-sodium oxybate, and following 6 weeks of XYWAV treatment.9
†If taking antihypertensive agents and prior nonoxybate background therapies for narcolepsy at study entry, required to maintain treatment with the same regimen throughout the study unless advised otherwise due to safety concerns.9
Primary Endpoint9
(N=43)
Change in 24-hour
ambulatory SBP
-4.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -6.9 to -1.4
Secondary Endpoints9
(N=43)
Change in daytime
ambulatory SBP
-5.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -7.8 to -2.4
Change in
office SBP
-9.2
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -11.9 to -6.5
Change in Nighttime
ambulatory SBP
-2.0
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -5.3 to 1.4
XYLO Safety Results
- 27 participants (40.3%) reported a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), all of which were mild (31.3%) or moderate (9.0%)9
- 10 participants (14.9%) experienced a TEAE that was considered drug-related10
- There were no serious or fatal TEAEs reported9
- There were no TEAEs that led to discontinuation, dose reduction, dose increase, or interruption of XYWAV9
Primary Endpoint9
(N=43)
Secondary Endpoints9
(N=43)
Change in 24-hour
ambulatory SBP
-4.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -6.9 to -1.4
Change in daytime
ambulatory SBP
-5.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -7.8 to -2.4
Change in
office SBP
-9.2
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -11.9 to -6.5
Change in Nighttime
ambulatory SBP
-2.0
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -5.3 to 1.4
XYLO Safety Results
- 27 participants (40.3%) reported a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), all of which were mild (31.3%) or moderate (9.0%)9
- 10 participants (14.9%) experienced a TEAE that was considered drug-related10
- There were no serious or fatal TEAEs reported9
- There were no TEAEs that led to discontinuation, dose reduction, dose increase, or interruption of XYWAV9
Primary Endpoint9
(N=43)
Change in
24-hour
ambulatory SBP
-4.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -6.9 to -1.4
Secondary Endpoints9
(N=43)
Change in
daytime
ambulatory SBP
-5.1
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -7.8 to -2.4
Change in
office
SBP
-9.2
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -11.9 to -6.5
Change in
Nighttime
ambulatory SBP
-2.0
mmHg
LS mean change
95% CI: -5.3 to 1.4
XYLO Safety Results
- 27 participants (40.3%) reported a treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), all of which were mild (31.3%) or moderate (9.0%)9
- 10 participants (14.9%) experienced a TEAE that was considered drug-related10
- There were no serious or fatal TEAEs reported9
- There were no TEAEs that led to discontinuation, dose reduction, dose increase, or interruption of XYWAV9
Change from baseline in 24-hour urinary sodium excretion at week 6 (Exploratory Endpoint, n=38)
The median 24-hour urinary sodium concentrations at baseline and at the end of 6 weeks of treatment with XYWAV were 4278 mg/day and 2703 mg/day, respectively. The median change from baseline was −1288 mg/day.9
Limitations: This study was conducted in adults with narcolepsy; however, its open-label, single-arm switch design does not support conclusions on outcomes such as blood pressure. Because the office BP was a basis for study inclusion, regression to the mean may have contributed to the increased magnitude of change observed for that endpoint compared with the other endpoints.9 This study is not appropriate to demonstrate a benefit in blood pressure reduction when switching from twice-nightly high-sodium oxybate to XYWAV or to assess the effect of XYWAV on blood pressure. Therefore, results should be interpreted with caution.
BP = blood pressure; CI = confidence interval; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; LS = least squares; mmHg = millimeters of mercury; NT1 = narcolepsy type 1; NT2 = narcolepsy type 2;
SBP = systolic blood pressure.
References:
- Chen C, Jenkins J, Zomorodi K, Skowronski R. Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and bioequivalence of lower-sodium oxybate in healthy participants in two open-label, randomized, crossover studies. Clin Transl Sci. 2021;14(6):2278-2287.
- XYWAV® (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates). Prescribing Information. Palo Alto, CA: Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th Edition. December 2020. https://
www.dietaryguidelines.gov/sites/default/files/2020-12/ Dietary_Guidelines_for_Americans_2020-2025.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2026. - LUMRYZ™ (sodium oxybate) for extended-release oral suspension. Prescribing Information. Chesterfield, MO: Avadel CNS Pharmaceuticals, LLC.
- XYREM® (sodium oxybate). Prescribing Information. Palo Alto, CA: Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Jones DW, Ferdinand KC, Taler SJ, et al. 2025 AHA/
ACC/ AANP/ AAPA/ ABC/ ACCP/ ACPM/ AGS/ AMA/ ASPC/ NMA/ PCNA/ SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol.
2025;86(18):1567-1678. - US Department of Agriculture. FoodData Central. Accessed February 24, 2026. https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/
food-search?query=FrenchFries%20Fries&type=SR%20Legacy - US Department of Health and Human Services, US Food and Drug Administration website. Clinical superiority findings. Accessed February 24, 2026. https://www.fda.gov/industry/designating-orphan-product-drugs-and-biological-products/clinical-superiority-findings
- White WB, Kovacs RJ, Alexander JK, et al. Effects of High- Versus Low-Sodium Oxybate on Blood Pressure in Patients With Narcolepsy. Hypertension. 2025;82(12):2162-2171.
- White WB, Kovacs RJ, Alexander JK, et al. Effects of High- Versus Low-Sodium Oxybate on Blood Pressure in Patients With Narcolepsy. Hypertension. 2025;82(suppl):1-5.